CHAI is Not Kawaii

Breaking Free with the Japanese Pop-Punk Foursome

  • Interview: Kanako Noda
  • Photography: Yuto Kudo

Don’t call CHAI “kawaii.” While typically a top-tier compliment in Japan, the four-strong pop-punk band—originally from Nagoya and now based in Tokyo—wants to break free from their country’s repressive attitudes towards women. With songs about hair growing in places you don’t want it to grow, hair not growing in places you want it to grow, fat legs, and narrow eyes—CHAI champions neo-kawaii, or “new cute,” an inclusive reappropriation of an otherwise limited term. Mana, on keyboard and vocals, and her twin sister, Kana, on guitar, met drummer Yuna at their high school music club. Yuuki, on bass, joined shortly after, and they’ve been living together and making music ever since.

CHAI’s lyrical push for body-positivity rides a bass-heavy beat pierced by pleasant, shrill vocals. Their charm isn’t only apparent in their forward-facing lyrics—it’s reinforced through choreographed dance, hand-made costumes, and a lively rapport with the audience. “Do you have a body complex?” cries Mana to the crowd. Their genre-agnostic songwriting is abundant with subtle complexities, blending melancholy, cheer and varying genres: nostalgia-laced city pop, powerpop, electro swing, alternative rock, and punk rock, referencing influences that run the gamut from N.E.R.D. to ABBA. Positioning themselves as neither music geeks nor gear freaks, CHAI take the best from what they like and make it their own—and it’s this potent, unmistakably CHAI approach of a “pinch of this, dash of that” that garners a growing audience (their sophomore album, PUNK, made Pitchfork’s Best Albums of 2019). There is no single spokesperson for CHAI; they speak in chorus with each other. As one trails off, another pipes up, mutually confirming each other’s thoughts. I caught up with the band earlier this year, to discuss what it means to be neo-kawaii CHAI.

Interview: Kanako Noda

CHAI (Mana, Kana, Yuuki, Yuna)

Listening to “Family Member” off the album Punk, I got the impression that you’re all always together. What does it feel like to make music as close friends and sisters?

Mana: We have a mutual goal, which keeps us together.
All: If we didn’t get along, we couldn’t do it.

Yuuki: I don’t think I could make music with people that I don’t have a connection with. There’s no–

Mana: Point.

Yuuki: It’s impossible to catch a vibe–

Mana: You can’t coexist–

Yuuki: Which might be okay then and there, but…

Yuna: You can’t play out with someone you don’t get along with. The incompatibility would be obvious during the set.

Mana: You won’t even want to play out. It’ll come out, emotionally.

There’s an incredible variety of different elements and genres in CHAI’s music. Do you all like the same kind of music?

Yuna: We have in some things in common–

Mana: And some things that we don’t have in common, but our sense for when something is good is the same, which works out nicely. Our sense for when something is bad is the same too. None of us are music geeks either or super into gear. We don’t care about any particular era of music—we take the good stuff from everywhere.

Yuna: We like what we like.

While CHAI does have a very clear identity, how do you all respectively connect with it conceptually?

Yuuki: CHAI is about not differentiating. I guess you could say that being as you are is the main theme of CHAI...
All: Totally.

Yuuki: Rather than it being about what I should do as CHAI, I think it’s more like “I am myself, and that’s CHAI.” Everyone has their good points, and we’re always telling each other how awesome we are because of that—which is naturally CHAI.

Mana: I think it’s better that our personalities are completely different.

What gave birth to concepts like “NEO Kawaii” and “Complexes Are An Art”?

Mana: For all four of us, our imperfections were the sources of our complexes. For example, for Kana and I, it’s our small eyes and the lack of double eyelids, which is the most common one for Japanese people. There are a lot of perfect-looking musicians, and in Japan, people with unmistakably cute vocals are guaranteed to be popular. The fact that we’re not like that is something that’s good about us, and that we can sing while making peace with these anxieties is something that only we can get across.

Whose idea was it to actually make these concepts into slogans?

Mana: I think NEO comes from someone happening to calling us that, and our thinking that NEO sounded pretty cool.

Yuuki: Like Mana said, music is everything to us, so we don’t really want to explain it through words. Music is art, and we’re extremely conscious that we’re making art, and it doesn’t need explanation. But having [the terms] “NEO Kawaii” and “Complexes Are An Art” as hints for what we’re communicating is useful.

What does art mean to CHAI?

Yuna: Being candid?

Kana: Music can’t be expressed in words. Lyrics are words, but the discrete sounds can’t be put into words. When we listen to music, and think, “Wow, this is amazing,” it’s entirely sensory. The music might be carefully crafted, but when a listener says, “This is good,” or “This is bad,” it’s coming from a sensory response. I think it’s the same as when you look at a picture. You can only judge it from within.

Embracing body positivity and individuality is prevalent in North America, but in Japan, there’s an incredible pressure to conform. This pressure is maybe lost on your international fans who haven’t experienced it first-hand—what are the different ways that “Neo-Kawaii” has been embraced internationally?

Yuna: It's clear to me that complexes themselves are common worldwide.

Yuuki: Being here, I can really feel the North American version of positivity. There’s a certain awareness in it that, as Japanese people, we don’t have. For example, being sensitive about the words white and black. There are negative aspects of Japanese culture, and there are negative aspects of foreign cultures. I guess everyone experiences negative thinking, so wherever we go, CHAI’s message will connect with people.

Where does CHAI situate negativity?

Mana: If there weren’t a negative aspect to ourselves, we wouldn’t have needed music in the same way, as something to identify with.

Yuuki: We should love the self-consciousness that complexes and negativity come from. I don’t feel like you should invalidate or get rid of it at all.

Which side of CHAI is most appreciated by your international fans?

Yuuki: The source of our popularity overseas is our shows. We’re smaller than everyone, our ages are kind of ambiguous, and even though our hair is in pigtails and we’re wearing red hot pants, our songs rock.

Seen as being small is something you’re born with, and the pigtails and stuff are something you’ve created for yourselves, where does CHAI’s personality come from?

Kana: Our voices, the way we sing. We’re not trying to imitate anyone through our singing, and we absolutely don’t want to be told we sound like someone else. There are lots of musicians we love but we’ve never once thought about mimicking them.

Yuuki: There’s also our identity. Especially because we’re Japanese people who’ve made it overseas, we can’t forget the fact that we’re Japanese. Rather than trying harder to fit in overseas, or trying to become popular overseas, we’ll naturally be ourselves by not forgetting where our music, our look, our hearts, and our substance comes from.

With that said, what is this Japanese-ness you’re talking about?

Mana: I guess it’s important to remind ourselves to just be ourselves.

This is related to the concept of the band, but is there any fashion style that is particularly CHAI?

Yuuki: Nothing that’s overly embellished.

Mana: Yeah, simple is good.

Yuuki: It’s gotta look cool. In a feminine way.

Mana: Not necessarily in an overly girly way though.

Yuuki: Since we get bored with stuff pretty quickly–

Mana: Whenever we make a new song, we want [our clothing] to match it right away.

Yuuki: Like, this look would fit the song better; it’s always changing.

All: Yeah, we get tired of stuff way too fast.

Between the four of you, do you ever lose track of what this undefinable CHAI-ness is?

Mana: CHAI-ness isn’t really defined, and because it’s not defined, there’s nothing to lose track of. [Laughs]

All: It’s true.

Kana: We like anything and everything, so we’re not tied down to one thing.

You previously announced that your goal was to win a Grammy. Why a Grammy?

Yuuki: It’s the first sign that we can change the world. It’s proof.

So deep down inside, you’re really set on changing the world?

All: We’re not like saviors or anything, nothing like that.

Mana: I want this face to be famous. I can’t imagine a face like mine being famous, but if faces like ours can get to the top, then even Japan can change.

Yuuki: Because Japan is the most resistant to change–

Mana: Exactly. I guess it’s because we’re Japanese.

Where will CHAI be in 10 years?

Yuuki: It won’t stop at music, probably. There’s a lot we want to do. We want to do something related to animal welfare. We’d like to have a CHAI-run festival with acts from all over the world.

Mana: We’re absolutely going to do a nice festival in Japan. I think that’s something only we could pull off, because all the folks that we’ve played with and would want to involve trust us. Also, we love clothing, so we’d like to do something involved with fashion. I’m not sure that we can do it at the same time as music though. We’d like to set up an amusement park, but that’s further down the line.

Is there anything you’re waiting for, with respect to the next step towards this future?

Yuuki: Right now, we’re working on songs. For the next album.

Mana: With this album, we’re looking to move up, to any extent possible, because in any case, what’s important is scaling up.

Kana: Because we haven’t really reached very far yet.

Mana: As soon as possible, I’d like to have thousands of people coming to see us. We’re only in the hundreds right now. So we have to keep at it, 100 percent.

Yuuki: As the opening act, we participate in shows that get a few thousand people, but as a solo act...
Kana: CHAI alone can’t pull in that kind of crowd yet.
Mana: So the music is key. Words are one barrier, and music is another. But we definitely feel supported.

These barriers are different from one another?

Kana: I think they are. The music we’re making is kind of new.

Mana: It’s completely different from what’s popular now. In any case, we want to make something that’s good, you know?

And to CHAI, what might that thing be?

All: Something that we’re all satisfied with!

Kanako Noda is the lead editor of Japanese Content at SSENSE. She is also a writer, translator and a visual artist.

  • Interview: Kanako Noda
  • Photography: Yuto Kudo
  • Styling: Shun Watanabe
  • Hair and Makeup: Haruka Tazaki
  • Photography Assistant: Miyu Takaki
  • Styling Assistant: Leonard Arceo, Yohei Yamada
  • Hair and Makeup Assistant: Saki Tominaga
  • Illustration: Ibuki Sakai
  • Production: Nanami Tashiro
  • Translation: Vincent Malik
  • Date: May 8, 2020